Russell studies how customers discover, compare, purchase, use, and return to a product or service. The research shows where they hesitate, what information or reassurance they seek, and which parts of the experience are getting in the way.
Illustrative research question: a customer requests an insurance quote online, then chooses to buy in a branch. What changed?
A journey study can examine the information the customer needed, the alternatives they compared, and where a conversation became useful. The sample must reflect the question being asked.
Recent purchasers can describe how they searched, compared providers, and chose a purchase channel.
Include people who stopped
If the question concerns abandonment, recruit people who considered the purchase but did not complete it. Purchasers alone cannot explain every lost sale.
Examine channel transitions
Ask what happened before and after a change of channel, including which questions remained unanswered.
This is a study-design example, not a reported finding. Recalled experiences can suggest explanations; testing a proposed change requires further evidence.
Journey map
What a Journey Study Examines
This four-stage outline is illustrative. The examples come from separate public studies. Your map should reflect the paths customers actually take, including repeated stages and changes of channel.
1
Need and search
Published research
Homeowner and industry-professional interviews in the HVAC and water-heater study documented purchase triggers and barriers.
Decision to consider
Define the real starting point and the people who can influence it.
2
Compare
Published research
The automotive study combined qualitative journey work with quantitative evaluation of the digital tools customers used.
Decision to consider
Prioritize the sites, apps, and tools worth improving.
3
Commit
Published research
Health-and-beauty shop-alongs and telecom in-store research examined navigation, signs, and decision cues.
Decision to consider
Change the retail or channel element the evidence shows is impeding the choice.
4
Use and return
Published research
The automotive journey evaluation continued through setup, service, and ownership.
Decision to consider
Include post-purchase stages when they affect satisfaction or the next purchase.
How we study the purchase journey
Start with what is missing from the evidence: an explanation of a decision, a record of events as they happen, or an estimate of how common a problem is. The study may combine more than one source.
MethodWhen it helps
Business decision
Method
Customer interviews
When it helps
People describe a recent decision, the alternatives they considered, and what helped or delayed them. Their accounts explain experiences but may omit details.
Business decision
What were customers trying to do, and what made the decision difficult?
Method
Decision diaries
When it helps
Participants record events and reactions during a decision that unfolds over days or weeks, bringing the account closer to the experience.
Business decision
What changes between the first search and the eventual decision?
Method
Journey survey
When it helps
A survey measures the frequency of identified experiences, information sources, or barriers within a defined audience.
Business decision
How common is the problem, and which groups report it?
Method
Lost-buyer research
When it helps
Recruit people who postponed, stopped, or chose another provider. Distinguish those outcomes from decisions that are still in progress.
Business decision
What do people report as their reasons for not completing the purchase?
Method
Observation or intercepts
When it helps
The environment, channel, staff interaction, or retail moment affects the choice.
Business decision
What is the customer experiencing at the point of action?
Method
Behavior and service data
When it helps
Existing website, transaction, or service records show actions within the channels they cover. Compare those patterns with customer accounts.
Business decision
Where do records support the explanation, and where is evidence still missing?
Method
Cross-team workshop
When it helps
Teams responsible for different stages review the findings together and agree which changes to test.
Business decision
Who owns each proposed change, and how will improvement be evaluated?
Purchase Journey Examples
These public engagements span digital shopping, in-store navigation, a considered home-system purchase, and retail decision cues.
The outputs should explain the customer experience and the evidence behind proposed changes. Agree their scope around the teams and decisions the study needs to support.
A journey map with supporting evidenceFor customer experience, marketing, and research teams
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A view of how the studied audience makes the decision, including the people, information sources, and channel changes involved. The map follows the findings rather than a preset sequence.
Stages and paths identified in the research, including returns to earlier steps where found.
The questions, expectations, and sources of information at each stage.
A clear distinction between participant accounts, supporting records, and gaps in the evidence.
Illustrative question
What information was still missing when someone moved from the website to a phone call?
Priorities for investigating barriersFor digital, retail, service, and product owners
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An assessment of which problems deserve attention, whom they affect, and how much is known about their frequency and consequences.
Reported difficulties and the stages or customer groups involved.
Frequency estimates where a suitable survey or operational source supports them.
Issues that require further investigation before the team commits to a change.
Illustrative question
Is this difficulty common among people who stop, or also reported by those who complete the purchase?
Proposed actions and an evaluation planFor the teams responsible for making and assessing changes
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A practical account of what to test or improve next, with responsibility and evaluation measures agreed with the people who will use the findings.
The proposed change and the finding it addresses.
The team responsible, dependencies, and questions to resolve before implementation.
A way to assess the change, without treating a reported barrier as proof of a future conversion increase.
Illustrative question
If we revise the information at this step, what evidence would show that it helped customers decide?
Scope and Evidence Questions
We already have a journey map. What would additional research tell us?
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An existing map is a useful starting point for identifying what is supported by customer evidence and what remains an internal assumption. We review the audience, sources, and decisions behind it, then focus on the gaps. Those might concern a poorly understood transition, a barrier whose prevalence is unknown, or a stage that has changed since the map was created. The assignment can investigate a specific problem without rebuilding the entire journey. Its scope should follow the decision you need to make.
Should we include people who did not complete a purchase?
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Yes, when the question concerns lost opportunities or abandonment. Purchasers explain the paths that ended in a purchase, but cannot represent everyone who stopped, postponed, or chose a competitor. We define those outcomes and recruit the relevant groups separately where feasible. The timing matters too: someone still comparing options is different from someone who has decided not to buy. A visit that ends without a transaction should not automatically be classified as a lost sale, particularly when the decision continues in another channel.
When should we use interviews, decision diaries, or a survey?
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Interviews can reconstruct a recent decision and explore the reasons behind it. Diaries can collect accounts closer to the events when a purchase unfolds over time, although recruitment and participation need to fit that timescale. A survey can assess how common the identified paths or barriers are within a defined audience. We choose the sequence against what is already known. Recalled accounts can omit or simplify events, so we distinguish what participants report from what other available records can confirm.
How do you study a journey that moves between online and offline channels?
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Follow the customer's decision across channels rather than assign each channel a separate journey in advance. We ask what happened before and after a transition, what information was needed, and why another source or conversation became useful. That can include brand sites, retailers, reviews, phone calls, and in-person discussions. Russell's published automotive study examined digital tools from consideration through ownership. The relevant scope depends on the question; purchase is not always the last stage worth examining.
Can journey research use our website analytics or customer-service data?
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Yes, where the records cover the relevant audience and period. Digital paths, service contacts, and transaction data can help locate problems for further investigation; interviews or surveys can explore the expectations and circumstances behind them. We check what each source actually measures before combining conclusions. Reviewing aggregate patterns alongside customer accounts is different from linking records for the same individual, which requires a workable matching approach and appropriate permissions. Gaps in channel coverage should remain visible in the interpretation.
Can you study purchases involving several people or business decision-makers?
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Yes. We identify who initiates the need, researches options, influences selection, approves the purchase, and uses the product or service. One person's account may not explain every role or handoff. Russell's published heating-system research included both homeowners and industry professionals to understand purchase triggers and adoption barriers. For a new study, recruiting and analysis should reflect the roles that matter. We compare their perspectives without assuming that one respondent can accurately describe the entire decision process.
How do the findings help us decide what to change first?
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We assess which problems recur, whom they affect, what consequences the evidence supports, and which team can address them. Qualitative accounts can reveal an important issue without establishing how widespread it is; suitable survey or operational data can strengthen that assessment. The resulting priorities should identify a proposed change, an owner, and a way to evaluate improvement. A reported barrier is a reason to investigate or test a change, not proof that removing it will produce a particular conversion increase.
Does Russell use AI in journey research?
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AI can help researchers organize open-ended responses or find recurring references to information sources, channels, and barriers in transcripts. Researchers check those summaries against the original accounts and retain differences that a broad summary may overlook. AI tools can also be part of the journey being studied when customers use search summaries, recommendations, or support bots. A prompted exercise with a tool and a customer's account of using it during a real decision provide different evidence; the findings should make that distinction clear.
Calculate Net Promoter Score, response composition, confidence intervals, and change between independent samples. Compare change with your business threshold.